In fact, what the migration balance depends on? Obviously, from the intensity of arrival and intensity of disposal. However, the flows of arrivals and returns from the point of view of studying survival are heterogeneous. If a direct stream with a sufficient degree of accuracy can be said that it all consists of new settlers, then the reverse flow of migrants consists of non -surviving new settlers and old -timers. The ratio of Novosels and old -timers in the reverse stream can be extremely different and depends on the specific conditions of the development of cities and areas. For example, the flow of migrants from Barnaul is divided into Novoselov and old -timers approximately equally, and in the stream of immigrants from the young city of Divnogorsk, only a tenth. The same can be said, for example, when comparing Ukraine and Kazakhstan or Siberia and the Central District.
The same ratio of the number of arrivals and the balance can be observed in conditions of different intensity of arrival, different mobility of new settlers and old -timers. To characterize the survival, it is necessary to compare homogeneous flows, correlate the arrived new settlers with retained new settlers, and not with the total number of retired. The ratio of the number of arrivals and growth values characterizes only the migration balance, and that is very superficial, because the same ratio observed with different intensity of movement means qualitatively different processes. Consider two almost balanced balance with the same ratio of the values under consideration: balance A characterizes migration exchange in normal, “calm” framework, when the need for labor is satisfied with the internal resources of the city or district, and migration relations are largely limited to family moves (parents to children, Husband to wife and t. p.), trips to study, resettlement of pensioners, health care, etc. p., T. e. those types of movements that always exist regardless of the balance of jobs. We will call this part of the migration flow constant, in contrast to the variable, which directly depends on the presence and geography of free jobs. The permanent part of the stream also to some extent depends on the distribution of free jobs (since it includes the able-bodied population), but only indirectly. The power of the permanent part characterizing the spatial relations between people, not directly related to production, depends mainly on the availability of moving (transport and material) and on the ease of arrangement in new places, in other words from the general level of the country’s economy. The more extensive the territory, the more developed its infrastructure, the stronger the connection between its parts, the greater the choice of various places of residence, it provides, the higher the well-being of the population, the higher, apparently, the intensity of normal migrations will be. It is also clear that if migrations were limited to movements of this kind, then most of the districts and settlements would have a balanced migration balance, and hence the very high attitude of those who arrived towards the balance, which we observe in case A. The more balanced the balance, the higher this attitude.
